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Triathlete fuelling during a long bike ride
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Long-Course Nutrition Explained

Long course taught me that fitness on paper means nothing if the gut wasn't trained — WattX defaults stay conservative so race day is repeatable, not heroic.

Long-course triathlon is as much a fuelling problem as a fitness problem. The run leg exposes every under-fed hour on the bike — regardless of how strong your Thresholds look on paper.

For most age-group 70.3 athletes the race lasts 4–6 hours: long enough to deplete glycogen, short enough that many still under-fuel. Carb targets in WattX scale with weight, predicted split, and Race Pacing Targets — a harder bike raises oxidation and tightens the margin.

Why Carbs Matter at 70.3

At planned race effort you store roughly 90–120 minutes of glycogen. A 70.3 lasts far longer. Without exogenous carbohydrate, pace collapses — often suddenly. Fuel early; waiting until you feel hungry means you are already behind.

Current science supports 60–90 g carbohydrate per hour during sustained endurance when the gut is trained. The upper band needs a 2:1 glucose:fructose blend so two intestinal transporters can work in parallel. Single-source glucose alone often caps absorption around 60 g/h and increases GI distress.

60
g/h · conservative
70–80
g/h · trained gut
90
g/h · ceiling

Upper band needs 2:1 glucose:fructose. Front-load on the bike; simplify on the run.

Fuelling by Leg

Swim

No mid-race fuel

70–150 g carbs 2–3 h pre-start. Familiar, low fibre. Swim is 20–35 min for most.

Bike

Main fuelling window

Train 70–90 g/h when tolerated. WattX defaults: 60 g/h (70.3) · 75 g/h (IM).

Run

Simpler formats

Gels every 25–30 min from km 1. Defaults: 45 g/h (70.3) · 55 g/h (IM).

On WattX

The Nutrition Strategy tool uses conservative per-distance defaults from your weight, predicted split, and temperature — train higher in practice, race from the playbook.

Hydration and Sodium

Bike cool
500–750
ml/h
Bike hot
750–1000
ml/h
Run
400–600
ml/h · scale sodium with sweat

Do not rely on thirst alone in competition.

Linking Pacing and Fuel

Harder bike pacing increases carb oxidation. Under-fuel on the bike and the run pays regardless of fitness.

Set Race Pacing Targets in the Race Simulator — the predicted split feeds straight into Nutrition Strategy.

Calculating Your Numbers

Carbohydrate needs scale with weight, pace relative to your CSS, FTP, and FT, and conditions. WattX totals swim, bike, and run carbs, fluid, and sodium from your profile — and refreshes when simulator time or distance changes.

FAQ

Should I eat a gel before the race starts?

A small 15–20 g carb top-up can help if breakfast was more than 2.5 hours ago. Keep it familiar and low fibre.

What if I cannot stomach gels while running?

Try chews or more sports drink on the bike. Train the gut progressively in long sessions — do not introduce new products on race day.

How do I know if carbs are causing GI issues?

Usually too much concentration without fluid, unfamiliar products, or race-day anxiety redirecting blood away from the gut. Fix training nutrition first.

Can I rely on race-course nutrition?

Supplement only if you have trained with on-course products. Check the athlete guide for brands and timing at each aid station.

Does caffeine help?

Yes — 3–6 mg/kg about 60 minutes before start is well supported. Many gels add 25–75 mg mid-race as a useful top-up. If you do not use caffeine in training, keep doses modest on race day — it can push heart rate higher than usual and add GI stress you have not rehearsed.

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